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2001年全国职称英语等级考试应试指导-综合人文类--强化训练题一
测试题总数：601、(见31题)The phrase “sour the pleasures of society”( para. 2) most nearly means
A.have a good taste of the pleasures of society
B.feel depressed about the pleasures of society
C.happy with the pleasures of society
D.sorry for having getting the pleasures of society
2、(见31题)Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.We should pity these unhappy people
B.Such unhappy people are critical about everything
C.If they realize the harmfulness of their habits they may get rid of it
D.Such unhappy people are not content with themselves either
3、(见31题)“And scarcely that” in the third paragraph means
A.just like that.
B.Almost not like that.
C.more than that.
D.not at all like that.
4、(见31题)If such unhappy persons don#39;t change their bad behavior, the author suggest that
A.people avoid contact with them.
B.people criticize their misconduct.
C.people help them r***gnize its bad effects.
D.people show no respect and politeness to them.
5、 Drug Addiction It is possible to stop most drug addiction in the United States within a v ery short time. Simply make all drugs available and sell them at cost. Label e ach drug with a precise description of what effect — good and bad — he dru g will have on the taker. This will require heroic honesty. For the r***rd I have tried — once — almost every drug and like none , disproving the popular theory that taking a single smoke of opium will enslave t he mind. Nevertheless, many #39;drugs are bad for certain people to take and they should be told why in a sensible way. Along with advice and warning, it might be good for our citizens to recall that the United States was the creation men who believed that each man has the right to do what he wants with his own life as long as he does not interfere wit h his neighbour#39;s pursuit of happiness. Now one can hear the warning: If everyone is allowed to take drugs, everyo ne will, and the gross national product will decrease and we shall end up a race of fools. Alarming thought. Yet it seems most unlikely that any reasonably he althy?minded person will b***me a drug addict if he knows in advance what addic tion is going to be like. Is everyone reasonably sensible? No. Some people will always b***me drug addicts just as some people will always b***me drunken, and it is just too bad . Every man, however, has the power to kill himself if he chooses. But since m ost men don#39;t they won#39;t be the majority, either. Nevertheless, forbidding peop le things they like or think they might enjoy only makes them want those things all the more. This psychological insight is, for some mysterious reason, denied our governors.The author#39;s solution to the drug problem is。
A.to make all drugs extremely costly.
B.to put honest warnings on all drug labels.
C.to make the buying and selling of all drugs illegal.
D.to tell people the dangerous effects of drugs on health.
6、(同36题)Many people believe that
A.taking drugs once in a while will not be harmful.
B.a single smoke of opium will make you an addict to it.
C.the authorities are honest in dealing with the drug problem.
D. It is a heroic activity to destroy all the drugs available.
7、(同36题)According to the author, forbidding people to take drugs is
A.unacceptable to the majority of people.
B.not an effective way to stop drug addiction.
C.in the interest of the people and the governors.
D.in agreement with the basic rights of citizens.
8、(同36题)Which of the following is inferred from the passage?
A.Few people will take drugs if they are allowed to.
B.The United States will be easily defeated if its citizens are allowed to take drugs.
C.It is a general practice to forbid drugs in different countries.
D.A majority of people will b***me addictive to drugs if they are allowed to take them.
9、(同36题).Which of the following might best describe the author#39;s arguments in the passage?
A.Alarming.
B.Unusual.
C.Mysterious.
D.Traditional
10、第五篇Agricultural Pests。Agricultural pests are Integrated Pest Management is a plan that combines several different metho ds to destroy insects and rodents. These methods are specifically developed for individual areas and crops. The control methods include using the pests#39; natur al enemies, controlling the pests#39; breeding environment, and developing stronger varieties of seeds. Chemical poisons are used only when necessary. The IPM me thod accepts the fact that it is useless to try to destroy pests completely with chemical poisons. Its aim is to control pest populations so that crops can sti ll grow well. Cotton farmers in Texas have been using the IPM method. The farmers find the best combination of control methods for their needs. In this way, they can produce crops without using too many chemical poisons. In 1977, three quarters of Texas cotton fields received no pesticides at all. That year#39;s cotton crop w as better than average. The IPM methods showed the farmers a better way to cont rol the pests in their fields. The United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) has been studying agricultur al pests and chemicals. It has found that 223 pests are resistant to, or not af fected by, pesticides. Rodents, including rats, are also gaining resistance to poisons. In 1965, another UN organization, the UN Food and Agricultural Organiz ation, listed 182 resistant types of pests. Three years later, there were 228 s pecies on the resistant list. The 1977 survey raised the number to 364 species . Because so many pests are b***ming resistant to chemical poisons, it is neces sary to find another method of control. By using Integrated Pest Management, fa rmers can still control and limit pests without depending on chemical poisons.
A.rapidly being destroyed by chemical poisons
B.the results of Integrated Pest Management.
C.winning the battle against farmers.
D.b***ming accustomed to poisons.
11、(同41题)IPM is a plan that
A.uses the pest#39;s natural enemies
B.controls the pests#39; breeding environment
C.develops stronger varieties of seeds
D.does all of the above
12、(同41题)IPM is different from the older methods because
A.chemical poisons are rarely used
B.chemical poisons are used very often
C.pests are completely destroyed
D.farmers do not have to worry about pests.
13、(同41题)In 1968 the UN Food and Agricultural Organization found
A.182 resistant pests
B.223 resistant pests
C.228 resistant pests
D.364 resistant pests
14、Science Education for a New Age。Discoveries and Ap____。The very great advances in science just before and after the midpoint of t he twentieth century have caused education in the United States to realize that science teaching in the future must differ from science teaching in the past. D uring the past twenty years science has played an important part in shaping the character of our civilization. The welfare, stability, and security of our nati on are closely related to the discoveries of science and the applications of the se discoveries.
15、Needs for Good Science T____。Governors, lawyers and business leaders have to deal with scientists and e very educated person has his views influenced by science. Yet our science teach ing of nonscientists in school and college, has built up mistaken ideas, dislike s, and the common boast. “I never did understand science.” Even those students who arrive at college with plans to b***me scientists usually bring a mistaken picture of science; some have a collection of unorganized facts about science, a nd some regard the study of science as a game which involves getting the right a nswer.
16、K____and Enterprise。Science teaching must deal with the knowledge and methods of science; both are necessary. From science courses students should acquire a useful command o f science concepts and principles. Science is more than a collection of unrelat ed facts; to be meaningful and valuable, they must be arranged to show generaliz ed concepts. A student should learn something about the character of scientific knowledge, how it has been developed, and how it is used. He must see that kno wledge is subject to growth and change and that it is likely to shift in meaning and status with time.
17、Science and S____。Young people need to understand how our society depends upon scientific an d technological advancetnent and to realize that science is a basic part of mode rn living. The scientific process and the knowledge produced cannot be consider ed to be ends in themselves, except for the classical scientist. A student shou ld understand the relation of basic research to applied research, and the connec tion between technological developments and human affairs.
18、(同41题)In the future, probably
A.chemical pesticides will be used less
B.chemical pesticides will not be used at all
C.chemical pesticides will be used more
D.chemical pesticides will be produced
19、Balance in Ed 。If it were only necessary to decide whether to teach elementary science to everyone on a mass basis or to find the gifted few and take them as far as they can go, our task would be fairly simple. The public school system, however, ha s no such choice, for the two jobs must be carried on at the same time. Because we depend so heavily upon science and technology for our existence and progress , we must produce specialists in many fields. The public school must educate bo th producers and users of scientific services.
20、Environmental Impacts of Energy Production All primary energy sources that are ***nomic will be required if the world is to avoid energy starvation. The world#39;s needs for e(51)____have been met successively by wood, coal and oil. As these sources decline in importance o(52)____approach depletion, natural gas, nuclear power, solar and other ‘alternative’ energy sources are expected to m(53)____an increasing fraction of total demand. The production and use of energy can h(54)____a significant effect on the environment. The environmental consequences of the use of some energy sources could conceivably b***me so great t(55)____ they could limit growth in energy consumption. On the other hand, meeting energy needs for ***nomic development and s(56)____well being may require that some environmental impacts be accepted. Environmental impact assessments are being used increasingly I(57)____decision?making by national authorities r(58)____for selecting appropriate energy options or energy mixes. The impacts of energy production may be of short duration, long lasting, or irreversible. They may be of l(59)____or global concern, and may involve trans?boundary issues of international significance; they may affect different communities, p(60)_____groups and countries in different ways. They may be detrimental or beneficial. The nuclear industry has taken a leading role in addressing systematically both shortand long term issues.
21、
22、
23、
24、
25、
26、
27、
28、
29、
30、The country was facing difficulties financially and_____the situation was discouraging.
A.comprehensive
B.successive
C.overall
D.systematic
31、I can#39;t advise you what to do. You must use your own_____.
A.opinion
B.justice
C.ideal
D.judgement
32、Sometimes they ____their students#39; poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.
A.owe
B.attribute
C.contribute
D.gratitude
33、Gold is a precious, yellow coloured____ used for making coins, ornaments and jewelry.
A.mental
B.metal
C.moral
D.mould
34、If you persist in doing that, none except yourself should______the consequences.
A.answer for
B.answer to
C.be responsible of
D.be responsible about
35、He saved his daughter from the fire______of his own life.
A.at expense
B.at a price
C.at the cost
D.at the loss
36、The misty weather in London the contact.
A.interfered with
B.interfered
C.insured with
D.insured
37、Many automobile accidents were_____careless driving.
A.attributed to
B.resulted in
C.contributed to
D.raised from
38、His answer was so confused that I could hardly make any______of it all.
A.explanation
B.meaning
C.sense
D.interpretation
39、Because I don#39;t take any sugar in my tea, I______to forget to offer it to other people.
A.like
B.come
C.tend
D.have
40、Revolutionary developments in both observational and theoretical astronomy (took place) in the 1960#39;s.
A.commenced
B.occurred
C.were disputed
D.were exchanged
41、In the legends of the American West, Paul Bunyan#39;s most (treasured) possession as Babe the Blue Us, whose horns were said to span a distance of 42 ax handles.
A.comical
B.valued
C.expensive
D.colorful
42、A supernova is a star that explodes and then slowly fades to less than its original (brightness).
A.size
B.weight
C.radiance
D.imortance
43、Over six million citizens of the United States collect benefits from( private) pension plans each year.
A.unauthorized
B.confidential
C.nontransferable
D.Nongovernmental
44、Since the 1950#39;s literary critics have attempted to answer the question: When did children#39;s literature first (emerge) as a distinct literary genre?
A.improve as
B.appear as
C.conform to
D.respond to
45、Granite crystals are large enough to be seen with the (naked) eye.
A.wary
B.candid
C.unaided
D.discerning
46、Having (enlisted) in the Marine Corps in August 1918, Opha May Jonnson was made a provisional sergeant a month later.
A.considered
B.joined
C.written to
D.risen in
47、The ( widespread) use of X-rays for diagnostic purposes poses the risk of overexposure to radiation.
A.medical
B.spacious
C.experimental
D. General
48、The geysers, one of the most unusual phenomena in nature, is beautiful to (behold).
A.view
B.relate
C.sketch
D.withhold
49、The lymphatic system includes a network of tiny capillaries that lie (adjacent )to the fine blood vessels.
A.independent of
B.obscured by
C.near
D.within
50、第一篇 Food and Health The food we eat seems to have profound e ffects on our health. Although science has made enormous steps in making many food more fit to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research h as shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illness are related to diet an d forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well, especially cancer of t he colon. Different cultures are more prone to contract certain illness because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illne ss is not a new discovery. In 1945, government researches realized that nitrate s and nitrites, commonly used to preserve color in meats, and other food additiv es caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives (有致癌作用的添加剂) remain in our food, and it b***mes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging lakes of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives wh ich we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and pou ltry and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cows . Some times similar drugs are administered to animals not for medicinal purpos es but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the anima ls in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration (FDA. Has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the pract ices continues.How has science done a disservice to mankind?
A.Because of science, disease caused by contaminated food has been virtually eradicated.
B.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.
C. As a result of scientific intervention, some potentially harmful substances have been added to our food.
D.The scientists have preserved the color of meats, but not of vegetables.
51、(同21题)What are nitrates used for?
A.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.
B.They preserve the color of meats.
C.They are the objects of research.
D.They cause the animals to b***me fatter.
52、(同21题)What does FDA mean?
A. Food Direct Additives.
B. Final Difficult Analysis.
C. Food and Drug Administration.
D. Federal Dairy Additives.
53、(同21题)The word “carcinogenic” means most nearly the same as
A.trouble?making.
B.color?retaining.
C. Money?making.
D.cancer?causing.
54、(同21题)Which of the following statements is not true?
A.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasons.
B. Some of the additives in our food are added to the food its elf and some are given to the living animals.
C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years. C.Researchers have known about the potential hazards of food additives for over thirty?five years.
D.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in the world.
55、第二篇Jeans In 1849 two men discovered gold in California. Men from the rest of the U nited States and other countries hurried there to look for gold too. These mine rs needed good strong clothes. A young man from Germany named Levi Strauss arrived in California in 1850 . He went there to sell things to the miners. He saw that the miners needed st rong pants so he began to make them. He used cloth that people make tents from . He put rivets (铆钉) on the pockets to make them strong becau se the men put r ocks in their pockets. These pants were very strong and lasted a long time. Th e pants became very popular immediately. Later Mr Strauss started making jeans from cotton cloth from Nimes, France . “De Nimes”means “from Nimes”. People called this cloth denim. Denim was po pular in the fifteenth century. Christopher Columbus used denim for the sails o f his ships. Sailors in Genoa Italy wore denim pants. The word “jeans”comes f rom the word “Genoa”. Mr Strauss made the first jeans in the United States, bu t the idea and the kind of cloth came from Europe. The names came from France an d Italy Jeans were always blue until recently. People used indigo (蓝靛 ) dye (染) them. Indigo is the oldest dye in the world. Most jeans have blue threads goi ng across and white threads going up and down. These two colors make denim look different from other kinds of cloth. Today Levi Strauss and Company makes jeans in large factories. Other comp anies all over the world also make jeans. Usually one worker makes just one par t of the pair of pants. Someone makes the front of the leg, and someone else ma kes the back. Another person puts in the zipper.The word denim comes from the name of a city in。
A.France
B.India
C.Italy
D.Germany
56、(同26题)Everyone thinks jeans are
A.French
B.American
C.Italian
D.German
57、(同26题)Levi Strauss went to California to
A.sell things to miners
B.look for gold
C.make jeans
D.be a sailor
58、(同26题)Rivets
A.make good sails
B.make tents strong
C.Come from Genoa
D.Make the pockets of jeans strong
59、(同26题)Cloth is made form thousands of
A.tents
B.sails.
C.factories
D.threads.
60、第三篇Two Types of People There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degr ees of health and wealth and the other comforts of life, one b***mes happy, the other b***mes miserable. This arises from the different ways in which they cons ider thing, persons, and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds. The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well prepared dishes, the goodne ss of the wines, and the fine weather. They enjoy all the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore they are continually discontented . By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of society, offend many people and make themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded in n ature, such unhappy to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originall y by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit ma y be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its ba d effects on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of se rvice to them, and help them change this habit. Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious c onsequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people o f fend many others, nobody loves them, and no one treats them with more than the m ost common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some adv antage in rank or fortune, nobody to favour their hopes. If they bring on thems elves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them. These people should change this bad habit. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them.People who are to be unhappy
A.Always consider things differently from others
B.Are usually influenced by the results of certain things
C.Can discover the unpleasant part of certain things
D.Usually have a fault?finding habit
答案：
1 B
2 A
3 B
4 A
5 A
6 B
7 C
8 B
9 B
10 D
11 D
12 A
13 B
14 Applications
15 Teaching
16 Knowledge
17 Sociefy
18 C
19 Education
20 energy
21 or
22 meet
23 have
24 that
25 social
26 in
27 responsible
28 local
29 population
30 C
31 D
32 B
33 B
34 A
35 C
36 A
37 A
38 C
39 C
40 B
41 B
42 C
43 D
44 B
45 C
46 B
47 D
48 A
49 C
50 C
51 B
52 C
53 D
54 A
55 A
56 B
57 A
58 D
59 D
60 D//m.kgnav.statamic.cn/
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